diff --git a/firmware-2712/default/pieeprom-2023-11-20.bin b/firmware-2712/default/pieeprom-2023-11-20.bin
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6959ff5
Binary files /dev/null and b/firmware-2712/default/pieeprom-2023-11-20.bin differ
diff --git a/firmware-2712/latest/pieeprom-2023-11-20.bin b/firmware-2712/latest/pieeprom-2023-11-20.bin
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6959ff5
Binary files /dev/null and b/firmware-2712/latest/pieeprom-2023-11-20.bin differ
diff --git a/firmware-2712/release-notes.md b/firmware-2712/release-notes.md
index 5c3c742..db57e74 100644
--- a/firmware-2712/release-notes.md
+++ b/firmware-2712/release-notes.md
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
 # Raspberry Pi5 bootloader EEPROM release notes
 
+2023-11-20: Auto-detect support for PCIe expansion HAT (default + latest)
+
+* Add autodetect support for PCIe expansion HATs
+* Add PCIE_PROBE=1 to the EEPROM config for custom PCIe exapansion
+  designs that do not support the upcoming HAT spec. This gives
+  similar behaviour to CM4 where PCIe x1 is enumerated to discover NVMe
+  devices.
+* Fix loading of multiple initramfs images that are not 32-bit aligned sizes
+  https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/issues/1843
+* Kernel load performance improvement - remove a memcpy
+
 2023-10-30: UPG watchdog support + SD reset fixes (default + latest)
 
 * Fix SDIO / WiFi clock-setup for BOOT_ORDER=0xf14
diff --git a/rpi-eeprom-config b/rpi-eeprom-config
index ccfc538..9c4f5f5 100755
--- a/rpi-eeprom-config
+++ b/rpi-eeprom-config
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def exit_error(msg):
     sys.stderr.write("ERROR: %s\n" % msg)
     sys.exit(1)
 
-def shell_cmd(args):
+def shell_cmd(args, timeout=5, echo=False):
     """
     Executes a shell command waits for completion returning STDOUT. If an
     error occurs then exit and output the subprocess stdout, stderr messages
@@ -117,9 +117,14 @@ def shell_cmd(args):
     """
     start = time.time()
     arg_str = ' '.join(args)
-    result = subprocess.Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    bufsize = 0 if echo else -1
+    result = subprocess.Popen(args, bufsize=bufsize, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
 
-    while time.time() - start < 5:
+    while time.time() - start < timeout:
+        if echo:
+            s = result.stdout.read(80).decode('utf-8')
+            if s != "":
+                sys.stdout.write(s)
         if result.poll() is not None:
             break
 
@@ -128,8 +133,8 @@ def shell_cmd(args):
 
     if result.returncode != 0:
         exit_error("%s failed: %d\n %s\n %s\n" %
-                   (arg_str, result.returncode, result.stdout.read(), result.stderr.read()))
-    else:
+                   (arg_str, result.returncode, result.stdout.read().decode('utf-8'), result.stderr.read().decode('utf-8')))
+    elif not echo:
         return result.stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
 
 def get_latest_eeprom():
@@ -170,8 +175,10 @@ def apply_update(config, eeprom=None, config_src=None):
     # with EEPROMs with configs delivered outside of APT.
     # The checksums are really just a safety check for automatic updates.
     args = ['rpi-eeprom-update', '-d', '-i', '-f', tmp_update]
-    resp = shell_cmd(args)
-    sys.stdout.write(resp)
+
+    # If flashrom is used then the command will not return until the EEPROM
+    # has been updated so use a larger timeout.
+    shell_cmd(args, timeout=20, echo=True)
 
 def edit_config(eeprom=None):
     """
@@ -377,6 +384,15 @@ class BootloaderImage(object):
                             % (src_filename, len(src_bytes), MAX_FILE_SIZE))
         self.update(src_bytes, dst_filename)
 
+    def set_timestamp(self, timestamp):
+        """
+        Sets the self-update timestamp in an EEPROM image file. This is useful when
+        using flashrom to write to SPI flash instead of using the bootloader self-update mode.
+        """
+        ts = int(timestamp)
+        struct.pack_into('<L', self._bytes, len(self._bytes) - 4, ts)
+        struct.pack_into('<L', self._bytes, len(self._bytes) - 8, ~ts & 0xffffffff)
+
     def write(self):
         """
         Writes the updated EEPROM image to stdout or the specified output file.
@@ -498,6 +514,7 @@ See 'rpi-eeprom-update -h' for more information about the available EEPROM image
     parser.add_argument('-d', '--digest', help='Signed boot only. The name of the .sig file generated by rpi-eeprom-dgst for config.txt ', required=False)
     parser.add_argument('-p', '--pubkey', help='Signed boot only. The name of the RSA public key file to store in the EEPROM', required=False)
     parser.add_argument('-x', '--extract', action='store_true', default=False, help='Extract the modifiable files (boot.conf, pubkey, signature)', required=False)
+    parser.add_argument('-t', '--timestamp', help='Set the timestamp in the EEPROM image file', required=False)
     parser.add_argument('eeprom', nargs='?', help='Name of EEPROM file to use as input')
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
@@ -518,6 +535,8 @@ See 'rpi-eeprom-update -h' for more information about the available EEPROM image
         apply_update(args.apply, args.eeprom, args.apply)
     elif args.eeprom is not None:
         image = BootloaderImage(args.eeprom, args.out)
+        if args.timestamp is not None:
+            image.set_timestamp(args.timestamp)
         if args.config is not None:
             if not os.path.exists(args.config):
                 exit_error("config file '%s' not found" % args.config)
@@ -527,6 +546,8 @@ See 'rpi-eeprom-update -h' for more information about the available EEPROM image
             if args.pubkey is not None:
                 image.update_key(args.pubkey, PUBKEY_BIN)
             image.write()
+        elif args.config is None and args.timestamp is not None:
+            image.write()
         else:
             image.read()
     elif args.config is None and args.eeprom is None:
diff --git a/rpi-eeprom-update b/rpi-eeprom-update
index fffdc52..984ade2 100755
--- a/rpi-eeprom-update
+++ b/rpi-eeprom-update
@@ -89,6 +89,9 @@ cleanup() {
    if [ -f "${NEW_EEPROM_CONFIG}" ]; then
       rm -f "${NEW_EEPROM_CONFIG}"
    fi
+   if [ -f "${FLASHROM_LOG}" ]; then
+      rm -f "${FLASHROM_LOG}"
+   fi
    if [ -d "${TMP_BOOTFS_MNT}" ]; then
       umount "${TMP_BOOTFS_MNT}"
       rmdir "${TMP_BOOTFS_MNT}"
@@ -97,6 +100,7 @@ cleanup() {
    TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE=
    TMP_EEPROM_CONFIG=
    NEW_EEPROM_CONFIG=
+   FLASHROM_LOG=
 }
 trap cleanup EXIT
 
@@ -169,7 +173,14 @@ prepareImage()
    if [ "${OVERWRITE_CONFIG}" = 0 ]; then
       "${script_dir}/rpi-eeprom-config" \
          --out "${TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE}" \
-         --config "${NEW_EEPROM_CONFIG}" "${BOOTLOADER_UPDATE_IMAGE}"
+         --config "${NEW_EEPROM_CONFIG}" \
+         --timestamp "$(date -u +%s)" \
+         "${BOOTLOADER_UPDATE_IMAGE}"
+   else
+      "${script_dir}/rpi-eeprom-config" \
+         --out "${TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE}" \
+         --timestamp "$(date -u +%s)" \
+         "${BOOTLOADER_UPDATE_IMAGE}"
    fi
 }
 
@@ -200,7 +211,7 @@ applyRecoveryUpdate()
         # and the current timestamp.
         rpi-eeprom-digest -i "${TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE}" -o "${BOOTFS}/pieeprom.sig"
 
-        cp -f "${TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE}" "${BOOTFS}/pieeprom.upd" \
+        cp -fv "${TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE}" "${BOOTFS}/pieeprom.upd" \
                 || die "Failed to copy ${TMP_EEPROM_IMAGE} to ${BOOTFS}"
 
         # For NFS mounts ensure that the files are readable to the TFTP user
@@ -225,7 +236,7 @@ applyRecoveryUpdate()
       RPI_EEPROM_SELF_UPDATE=0
    fi
 
-   # Setting bootlaoder_update=0 was really intended for use with network-boot with shared
+   # Setting bootloader_update=0 was really intended for use with network-boot with shared
    # config.txt files. However, if it looks as though self-update has been disabled then
    # assume recovery.bin is required.
    config_txt="${BOOTFS}/config.txt"
@@ -237,8 +248,33 @@ applyRecoveryUpdate()
 
    [ "${BOOTLOADER_CURRENT_VERSION}" -ge "${RPI_EEPROM_SELF_UPDATE_MIN_VER}" ] || RPI_EEPROM_SELF_UPDATE=0
 
-   if [ "${RPI_EEPROM_SELF_UPDATE}" != "1" ]; then
-      echo "Using recovery.bin for EEPROM update"
+   # For immediate updates via flash the recovery.bin update is created and then discarded if the
+   # flashrom update was successful. For SD boot (most common) this provides a rollback in the event
+   # of power loss.
+   if [ "${RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM}" = 1 ]; then
+      echo
+      echo "UPDATING bootloader."
+      echo
+      echo "*** WARNING: Do not disconnect the power until the update is complete ***"
+      echo "If a problem occurs then the Raspberry Pi Imager may be used to create"
+      echo "a bootloader rescue SD card image which restores the default bootloader image."
+      echo
+      FLASHROM_LOG="$(mktemp)"
+      echo "flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=${SPIDEV},spispeed=16000 -w ${BOOTFS}/pieeprom.upd"
+      if flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=${SPIDEV},spispeed=16000 -w "${BOOTFS}/pieeprom.upd" > "${FLASHROM_LOG}"; then
+         # Success - remove update files from the boot partition
+         removePreviousUpdates
+         echo "UPDATE SUCCESSFUL"
+      else
+         # Leave the recovery files in case the EEPROM has been partially updated
+         cat "${FLASHROM_LOG}"
+         die "UPDATE FAILED"
+      fi
+      return
+   elif [ "${RPI_EEPROM_SELF_UPDATE}" = "1" ]; then
+      echo "Using self-update"
+   else
+      echo "Copying recovery.bin to ${BOOTFS} for EEPROM update"
       cp -f "${RECOVERY_BIN}" "${BOOTFS}/recovery.bin" || die "Failed to copy ${RECOVERY_BIN} to ${BOOTFS}"
    fi
 
@@ -269,6 +305,25 @@ applyUpdate() {
       ) || die "Unable to validate EEPROM image package checksums"
    fi
 
+   # Disable flashrom if the SPI device is not found
+   if [ "${RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM}" = 1 ]; then
+      flashrom_probe_ok=0
+      if ! [ -e "${SPIDEV}" ]; then
+         echo "WARNING: SPI device ${SPIDEV} not found. Setting RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM to 0"
+      fi
+
+      if ! flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=${SPIDEV},spispeed=16000 > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+         echo "WARNING: Flashrom probe of ${SPIDEV} failed"
+      else
+         flashrom_probe_ok=1
+      fi
+      if [ "${flashrom_probe_ok}" != 1 ]; then
+         echo "Setting RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM to 0"
+         echo
+         export RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM=0
+      fi
+   fi
+
    applyRecoveryUpdate
 }
 
@@ -334,14 +389,21 @@ checkDependencies() {
       BCM_CHIP=2711
       EEPROM_SIZE=524288
       BOOTLOADER_AUTO_UPDATE_MIN_VERSION="${BOOTLOADER_AUTO_UPDATE_MIN_VERSION:-1599135103}"
+
+      SPIDEV=/dev/spidev0.0
    elif [ $(((0x$BOARD_INFO >> 12) & 15)) = 4 ]; then
       BCM_CHIP=2712
       EEPROM_SIZE=2097152
       BOOTLOADER_AUTO_UPDATE_MIN_VERSION="${BOOTLOADER_AUTO_UPDATE_MIN_VERSION:-1697650217}"
+      SPIDEV=/dev/spidev10.0
    else
       chipNotSupported
    fi
 
+   # Default to off - in the future Raspberry Pi 5 may default to using flashrom if
+   # flashrom is available.
+   [ -z "${RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM}" ] && RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM=0
+
    FIRMWARE_IMAGE_DIR="${FIRMWARE_ROOT}-${BCM_CHIP}/${FIRMWARE_RELEASE_STATUS}"
    if ! [ -d "${FIRMWARE_IMAGE_DIR}" ]; then
       # Use unadorned name for backwards compatiblity
@@ -358,6 +420,18 @@ checkDependencies() {
       echo "The recommended method for flashing the EEPROM is rpiboot."
       echo "See: https://github.com/raspberrypi/usbboot/blob/master/Readme.md"
       echo "Run with -h for more information."
+      echo
+      echo "To enable flashrom programming of the EEPROM"
+      echo "Add these the following entries to /etc/default/rpi-eeprom-update"
+      echo "RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM=1"
+      echo "CM4_ENABLE_RPI_EEPROM_UPDATE=1"
+      echo 
+      echo "and these entries to config.txt and reboot"
+      echo "[cm4]"
+      echo "dtparam=spi=on"
+      echo "dtoverlay=audremap"
+      echo "dtoverlay=spi-gpio40-45"
+      echo
       exit ${EXIT_SUCCESS}
    fi
 
@@ -404,6 +478,10 @@ checkDependencies() {
    if [ "${BCM_CHIP}" = 2711 ] && [ ! -f "${RECOVERY_BIN}" ]; then
       die "${RECOVERY_BIN} not found."
    fi
+
+   if ! command -v flashrom > /dev/null; then
+      RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM=0
+   fi
 }
 
 usage() {
@@ -542,6 +620,22 @@ N.B. If there is a power failure during SELF_UPDATE the EEPROM write may fail an
 usbboot must be used to flash the bootloader EEPROM. SELF_UPDATE is not recommended
 for updating the bootloader on remote systems.
 
+FLASHROM:
+
+If the RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM variable is set to 1 then flashrom is used to perform
+an immediate update to the SPI flash rather than installing the recovery.bin plus
+pieeprom.upd files. The power must not be disconnected during this update otherwise the
+EEPROM will need to be re-flashed using the Rasberry Pi Imager bootloader restore feature.
+
+On Raspberry Pi 4, CM4, CM4-S and Pi400 flashrom updates are not enabled by default
+because the SPI GPIOs are shared with analog audio. To enable this add the following
+entries to config.txt. This moves analog audio to GPIO pins 12,13 and may not be
+compatible with some HATS / CM4 IO boards.
+
+dtparam=spi=on
+dtoverlay=audremap
+dtoverlay=spi-gpio40-45
+
 EOF
   exit ${EXIT_SUCCESS}
 }
@@ -595,7 +689,9 @@ findBootFS()
    elif [ -z "$BOOTFS" ]; then
       if ! BOOTFS=$(/usr/lib/raspberrypi-sys-mods/get_fw_loc 2> /dev/null); then
          for BOOTFS in /boot/firmware /boot; do
-            if findmnt --fstab "$BOOTFS" > /dev/null; then
+            if [ -f "${BOOTFS}/config.txt" ]; then
+               break
+            elif findmnt --fstab "$BOOTFS" > /dev/null; then
                break
             fi
          done
@@ -714,7 +810,7 @@ checkAndApply()
    fi
 
    if [ "${ACTION_UPDATE_BOOTLOADER}" = 1 ] || [ "${ACTION_UPDATE_VL805}" = 1 ]; then
-      echo "*** INSTALLING EEPROM UPDATES ***"
+      echo "*** PREPARING EEPROM UPDATES ***"
       echo ""
 
       printVersions
@@ -727,7 +823,7 @@ checkAndApply()
 fileUpdate()
 {
    removePreviousUpdates
-   echo "*** INSTALLING ${BOOTLOADER_UPDATE_IMAGE} ${VL805_UPDATE_IMAGE} ***"
+   echo "*** CREATED UPDATE ${BOOTLOADER_UPDATE_IMAGE} ${VL805_UPDATE_IMAGE} ***"
    echo
 
    if [ -n "${BOOTLOADER_UPDATE_IMAGE}" ]; then
diff --git a/rpi-eeprom-update-default b/rpi-eeprom-update-default
index ef02791..a31d288 100644
--- a/rpi-eeprom-update-default
+++ b/rpi-eeprom-update-default
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 FIRMWARE_ROOT=/lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader
 FIRMWARE_RELEASE_STATUS="default"
 FIRMWARE_BACKUP_DIR="/var/lib/raspberrypi/bootloader/backup"
-USE_FLASHROM=0
 EEPROM_CONFIG_HOOK=
 
 # BOOTFS can be set here to override auto-detection in rpi-eeprom-update
 #BOOTFS=/boot
+
+# Use flashrom if available to update the bootloader without rebooting - Raspberry Pi 5
+#RPI_EEPROM_USE_FLASHROM=1